Bio-Photonics and Ultrafast Molecular Dynamics (BioDyn)

The BioDyn team (Bio-photonics and ultrafast molecular Dynamics) develops experimental tools for femtosecond spectroscopy in the field of physical chemistry, to investigate the photoreactivity of (bio)organic or metal-organic molecules in the condensed phase. Typical processes of interest are photoreactions enabling photo-electric or photo-mechanical energy conversions at the molecular scale. Such photoreactions have applications in material science (e.g. photovoltaic devices, molecular switches, or motors), but they are also at work in biological systems (photosynthesis, vision). Among photoreactions of interest are (i)  photoinduced charge transfer or (ii)  ultrafast photo-isomerization reactions. The investigation of ultrafast photoreactions with fs laser pulses reveals the interplay between (coherent) electronic or vibrational dynamics and environmental effects, and how this interplay controls the photoreactions yield.

Besides, in the 3rd research axis called “biophotonics,” we explore physical chemistry at the interface between nanoscience and living matter. More specifically, we investigate the environment-sensitive photoreactivity of organic compounds that may be exploited to probe local interactions in biomolecules. We also investigate ultrafast excitation energy transfer reactions in functional, synthetic nanoparticles behaving like efficient light-harvesting antennas.

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The team in Nov. 2022 at the GDR UP conference

Research Activities

Position Open

  • Openings: Post-doc in femtosecond XPS of bio-mimetic photoswitches (M/F). Link
  • For Internship, PhD positions, and Postdoc positions, contact Stefan Haacke and Jeremie Leonard

Recent updates

  • Ronan Viel won the 2nd place poster prize (100€) at the ITI QMat scientific day 2023. Congratulations!!!
  •  Ilias Nikolinakos received his Doctoral diploma at the PhD ceremony 2023, University of Strasbourg Congratulations!!!
The summer BBQ Party of the group, June 2023

Team members :

Postdoctoral fellow, Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics (DON)xingjie.fu@ipcms.unistra.fr
Phone: /Office: 1028
Postdoctoral fellow, Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics (DON)amira.gharbi@ipcms.unistra.fr
Phone: +33(0)3 88 10 72 73Office: 2052
Professor, Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics (DON)Stefan.Haacke@ipcms.unistra.fr
Phone: /Office: 2029
See personal page
PhD student, Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics (DON)krystyna.herasymenko@etu.unistra.fr
Phone: +33(0)3 88 10 72 73Office: 2052
Postdoctoral fellow, Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics (DON)mate.kurucz@ipcms.unistra.fr
Phone: /Office: 2109
Senior Researcher, Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics (DON)Jeremie.Leonard@ipcms.unistra.fr
Phone: +33(0)3 88 10 72 43, +33(0)3 88 10 70 54Office: 2042
See personal page
PhD student, Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics (DON)thomas.meric@ipcms.unistra.fr
Phone: /Office: 2109
PhD student, Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics (DON)matthew.mgbukwu@ipcms.unistra.fr
Phone: +33(0)3 88 10 72 73Office: 2052
PhD student, Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics (DON)simon.rinconcelis@ipcms.unistra.fr
Phone: /Office: 2109
PhD student, Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics (DON)ronan.viel@ipcms.unistra.fr
Phone: +33(0)3 88 10 72 73Office: 2052
Ilias Nikolinakos received his Doctoral diploma at the PhD ceremony 2023,

Recent publications :

[1]
E. Zvereva, J. Segarra-Marti, M. Marazzi, J. Brazard, A. Nenov, O. Weingart, J. Léonard, M. Garavelli, I. Rivalta, E. Dumont, X. Assfeld, S. Haacke, A. Monari, The effect of solvent relaxation in the ultrafast time-resolved spectroscopy of solvated benzophenone, Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences 17 (2018) 323–331. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7pp00439g.
[1]
J. Zhang, J. Qin, M. Wang, Y. Bai, H. Zou, J.K. Keum, R. Tao, H. Xu, H. Yu, S. Haacke, B. Hu, Uniform Permutation of Quasi-2D Perovskites by Vacuum Poling for Efficient, High-Fill-Factor Solar Cells, Joule 3 (2019) 3061–3071. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2019.09.020.
[1]
C. Zahn, M. Pastore, J.L.P. Lustres, P.C. Gros, S. Haacke, K. Heyne, Femtosecond Infrared Spectroscopy Resolving the Multiplicity of High-Spin Crossover States in Transition Metal Iron Complexes., Journal of the American Chemical Society 146 (2024) 9347–9355. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.4c01637.
[1]
X. Yang, M. Manathunga, S. Gozem, J. Léonard, T. Andruniów, M. Olivucci, Quantum–classical simulations of rhodopsin reveal excited-state population splitting and its effects on quantum efficiency, Nature Chemistry 14 (2022) 441–449. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-022-00892-6.
[1]
C. Wells, O. Vollin-Bringel, V. Fiegel, S. Harlepp, B. Van der Schueren, S. Bégin-Colin, D. Bégin, D. Mertz, Engineering of Mesoporous Silica Coated Carbon-Based Materials Optimized for an Ultrahigh Doxorubicin Payload and a Drug Release Activated by pH, T, and NIR-light, Advanced Functional Materials 28 (2018) 1706996. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201706996.
[1]
Q. Wei, R. Duan, Q. Zhang, L. Xie, R. Xia, Y. Yi, J. Léonard, S. Haacke, J. Cabanillas-Gonzalez, Y. Qian, W. Huang, Origin of Intramolecular Low-Threshold Amplified Spontaneous Emission, Advanced Optical Materials (2021) 2001956. https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202001956.
[1]
M. Wang, H. Zou, J. Zhang, T. Wu, H. Xu, S. Haacke, B. Hu, Extremely Long Spin Lifetime of Light-Emitting States in Quasi-2D Perovskites through Orbit-Orbit Interaction, Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 11 (2020) 3647–3652. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00842.
[1]
K. Voltz, J. Léonard, P.T. Touceda, J. Conyard, Z. Chaker, A. Dejaegere, J. Godet, Y. Mély, S. Haacke, R.H. Stote, Quantitative sampling of conformational heterogeneity of a DNA hairpin using molecular dynamics simulations and ultrafast fluorescence spectroscopy, Nucleic Acids Research 44 (2016) 3408–3419. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw077.
[1]
V. Vidimar, X. Meng, M. Klajner, C. Licona, L. Fetzer, S. Harlepp, P. Hébraud, M. Sidhoum, C. Sirlin, J.-P. Loeffler, G. Mellitzer, G. Sava, M. Pfeffer, C. Gaiddon, Induction of caspase 8 and reactive oxygen species by ruthenium-derived anticancer compounds with improved water solubility and cytotoxicity, Biochemical Pharmacology 84 (2012) 1428–1436. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2012.08.022.
[1]
A. Valentini, D. Rivero, F. Zapata, C. Garcia-Iriepa, M. Marazzi, R. Palmeiro, I.F. Galvan, D. Sampedro, M. Olivucci, L. Manuel Frutos, Optomechanical Control of Quantum Yield in Trans-Cis Ultrafast Photoisomerization of a Retinal Chromophore Model, Angewandte Chemie-International Edition 56 (2017) 3842–3846. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201611265.
[1]
A. Udvarhelyi, M. Olivucci, T. Domratcheva, Role of the Molecular Environment in Flavoprotein Color and Redox Tuning: QM Cluster versus QM/MM Modeling, Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation 11 (2015) 3878–3894. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jctc.5b00197.
[1]
P.T. Touceda, T. Gelot, O. Crégut, J. Léonard, S. Haacke, Time-Resolved Down-Conversion of 2-Aminopurine in a DNA Hairpin: Fluorescence Anisotropy and Solvent Effects, in: M. Chergui, A. Taylor, S. Cundiff, R. DeVivieRiedle, K. Yamagouchi (Eds.), EPJ Web of Conferences, 2013: p. 07022 /p.1–3. https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20134107022.
[1]
I. Tosi, B. Bardi, M. Ambrosetti, E. Domenichini, A. Iagatti, L. Baldini, C. Cappelli, M. Di Donato, F. Sansone, C. Sissa, F. Terenziani, Investigation of electronic energy transfer in a BODIPY-decorated calix[4] arene, Dyes and Pigments 171 (2019) 107652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2019.107652.
[1]
A.I. Skilitsi, D. Agathangelou, I. Shulov, J. Conyard, S. Haacke, Y. Mely, A. Klymchenko, J. Léonard, Ultrafast photophysics of the environment-sensitive 4[prime or minute]-methoxy-3-hydroxyflavone fluorescent dye, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 20 (2018) 7885–7895. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7CP08584B.
[1]
A.I. Skilitsi, T. Turko, D. Cianfarani, S. Barre, W. Uhring, U. Hassiepen, J. Léonard, Towards sensitive, high-throughput, biomolecular assays based on fluorescence lifetime, Methods and  Applications in Fluorescence 5 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1088/2050-6120/aa7f66.
[1]
K. Seintis, D. Agathangelou, D. Cvejn, N. Almonasy, F. Bures, V. Giannetas, M. Fakis, Femtosecond to nanosecond studies of octupolar molecules and their quadrupolar and dipolar analogues, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19 (2017) 16485–16497. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7cp01463e.
[1]
J. Segarra-Marti, E. Zvereva, M. Marazzi, J. Brazard, E. Dumont, X. Assfeld, S. Haacke, M. Garavelli, A. Monari, J. Léonard, I. Rivalta, Resolving the Singlet Excited State Manifold of Benzophenone by First-Principles Simulations and Ultrafast Spectroscopy, Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation 14 (2018) 2570–2585. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jctc.7b01208.
[1]
T. Schwartz, J.A. Hutchison, J. Léonard, C. Genet, S. Haacke, T.W. Ebbesen, Polariton Dynamics under Strong Light-Molecule Coupling, ChemPhysChem 14 (2013) 125–131. https://doi.org/10.1002/cphc.201200734.
[1]
I. Schapiro, M. Gueye, M. Paolino, S. Fusi, G. Marchand, S. Haacke, M.E. Martin, M. Huntress, V.P. Vysotskiy, V. Veryazov, J. Léonard, M. Olivucci, Synthesis, spectroscopy and QM/MM simulations of a biomimetic ultrafast light-driven molecular motor, Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences 18 (2019) 2259–2269. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9pp00223e.
[1]
A. Ruff, E. Heyer, T. Roland, S. Haacke, R. Ziessel, S. Ludwigs, Electrochemical and optical properties of molecular triads based on triphenylamine, diketopyrrolopyrrole and boron-dipyrromethene, Electrochimica Acta 173 (2015) 847–859. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2015.05.093.
[1]
T. Roland, V. Kemlin, J. Nillon, J.-S. Pelle, O. Crégut, J. Brazard, J. Léonard, S. Haacke, BOXCARS-geometry 2DES setup in the 300-340nm range with pulse-to-pulse phase correction at 50kHz, in: Cerullo, G and Ogilvie, J and Kartner, F and Khalil, M and Li, R (Ed.), XXI INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ULTRAFAST PHENOMENA 2018 (UP 2018), E D P SCIENCES, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920501009.
[1]
T. Roland, G.H. Ramirez, J. Léonard, S. Méry, S. Haacke, Ultrafast broadband laser spectroscopy reveals energy and charge transfer in novel donor-acceptor triads for photovoltaic applications, in: Ye, C and Wang, ZL and Zhou, B (Ed.), Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2011: p. 012006 /p. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/276/1/012006.
[1]
T. Roland, J. Léonard, G.H. Ramirez, S. Méry, O. Yurchenko, S. Ludwigs, S. Haacke, Sub-100 fs charge transfer in a novel donor-acceptor-donor triad organized in a smectic film, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 14 (2012) 273–279. https://doi.org/10.1039/c1cp22122a.
[1]
T. Roland, L. Liu, E. Heyer, A. Ruff, S. Ludwigs, R. Ziessel, S. Haacke, Ultrafast Energy and Charge Transfer Processes in a Flexible Molecular Triad Designed for Organic Photovoltaics, in: Yamanouchi, I and Cundiff, S and DeVivieRiedle, R and KuwataGonokami, M and DiMauro, L (Ed.), Ultrafast Phenomena XIX, SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN, Okinawa, JAPAN, 7-11 juillet 2014, 2015: pp. 561–563. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13242-6_137.
[1]
T. Roland, E. Heyer, L. Liu, A. Rue, S. Ludwigs, R. Ziessel, S. Haacke, A Detailed Analysis of Multiple Photoreactions in a Light-Harvesting Molecular Triad with Overlapping Spectra by Utrafast Spectroscopy, Journal of Physical Chemistry C 118 (2014) 24290–24301. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp507474r.
[1]
D.R.S. Pooler, R. Pierron, S. Crespi, R. Costil, L. Pfeifer, J. Léonard, M. Olivucci, B.L. Feringa, Effect of charge-transfer enhancement on the efficiency and rotary mechanism of an oxindole-based molecular motor, Chemical Science 12 (2021) 7486–7497. https://doi.org/10.1039/d1sc01105g.
[1]
M. Polkehn, P. Eisenbrandt, H. Tamura, S. Haacke, S. Méry, I. Burghardt, Ultrafast excitonic and charge transfer dynamics in nanostructured organic polymer materials, in: Andrews, DL and Nunzi, JM and Ostendorf, A (Ed.), NANOPHOTONICS VI, SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2230314.
[1]
M. Polkehn, H. Tamura, P. Eisenbrandt, S. Haacke, S. Méry, I. Burghardt, Molecular Packing Determines Charge Separation in a Liquid Crystalline Bisthiophene–Perylene Diimide Donor–Acceptor Material, Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 7 (2016) 1327–1334. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00277.
[1]
R. Pierron, G. Chabrol, S. Roques, P. Pfeiffer, J.-P. Yehouessi, G. Bouwmans, S. Lecler, Large-mode-area optical fiber for photonic nanojet generation, Optics Letters 44 (2019) 2474–2477. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.44.002474.
[1]
M. Peralta, E. Steed, S. Harlepp, J.M. Gonzalez-Rosa, F. Monduc, A. Ariza-Cosano, A. Cortes, T. Rayon, J.L. Gomez-Skarmeta, A. Zapata, J. Vermot, N. Mercader, Heartbeat-Driven Pericardiac Fluid Forces Contribute to Epicardium Morphogenesis, Current Biology 23 (2013) 1726–1735. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.07.005.
[1]
M. Pastore, T. Duchanois, L. Liu, A. Monari, X. Assfeld, S. Haacke, P.C. Gros, Interfacial charge separation and photovoltaic efficiency in Fe(II)-carbene sensitized solar cells, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18 (2016) 28069–28081. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6cp05535d.
[1]
M. Paolino, M. Saletti, A. Reale, M. Licciardi, P. Varvara, A. Marquette, J. Léonard, C. Bonechi, A. Donati, G. Giorgi, G. Giuliani, B. Carlotti, F. Ortica, L. Latterini, M. Gentile, E. Paccagnini, M. Olivucci, A. Cappelli, Design, Synthesis and Characterization of a New Visible Light-Sensitive Molecular Switch and its PEGylation Towards a Self-Assembling Molecule., Chemistry-a European Journal 28 (2022) e202201477. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202201477.
[1]
M. Paolino, T. Giovannini, M. Manathunga, L. Latterini, G. Zampini, R. Pierron, J. Léonard, S. Fusi, G. Giorgi, G. Giuliani, A. Cappelli, C. Cappelli, M. Olivucci, On the Transition from a Biomimetic Molecular Switch to a Rotary Molecular Motor, Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 12 (2021) 3875–3884. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00526.
[1]
M. Paolino, M. Gueye, E. Pieri, M. Manathunga, S. Fusi, L. Latterini, D. Pannacci, M. Filatov, J. Léonard, M. Olivucci, A. Cappelli, Design, Synthesis and Dynamics of a GFP Fluorophore Mimic with an Ultrafast Switching Function, Journal of the American Chemical Society 138 (2016) 9807–9825. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5b10812.
[1]
Y. Orozco-Gonzalez, M. Manathunga, M. del C. Marin, D. Agathangelou, K.-H. Jung, F. Melaccio, N. Ferre, S. Haacke, K. Coutinho, S. Canuto, M. Olivucci, An Average Solvent Electrostatic Configuration Protocol for QM/MM Free Energy Optimization: Implementation and Application to Rhodopsin Systems, Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation 13 (2017) 6391–6404. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jctc.7b00860.
[1]
M. Olivucci, I. Schapiro, S. Haacke, J. Léonard, S. Fusi, R.R. Paccani, J. Briand, From computational photobiology to the design of vibrationally coherent molecular devices, in: ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 2012: pp. 272-COMP.
[1]
J. Nillon, O. Crégut, C. Bressler, S. Haacke, 2 MHz Tunable Non Collinear Optical Parametric Amplifiers with Pulse Durations Down to 6 fs, in: Yamanouchi, I and Cundiff, S and DeVivieRiedle, R and KuwataGonokami, M and DiMauro, L (Ed.), Ultrafast Phenomena XIX, SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN, Okinawa, JAPAN, 7-11 juillet 2014, 2015: pp. 761–765. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13242-6_187.
[1]
J. Nillon, O. Crégut, C. Bressler, S. Haacke, Two MHz tunable non collinear optical parametric amplifiers with pulse durations down to 6 fs, Optics Express 22 (2014) 14964–14974. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.22.014964.
[1]
D.M. Nikolaev, M. Manathunga, Y. Orozco-Gonzalez, A.A. Shtyrov, Y.O. Guerrero Martinez, S. Gozem, M.N. Ryazantsev, K. Coutinho, S. Canuto, M. Olivucci, Free Energy Computation for an Isomerizing Chromophore in a Molecular Cavity via the Average Solvent Electrostatic Configuration Model: Applications in Rhodopsin and Rhodopsin-Mimicking Systems, Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation 17 (2021) 5885–5895. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00221.
[1]
M. Ngueye, I. Schapiro, S. Fusi, S. Haacke, M. Olivucci, J. Léonard, Coherent Photoisomerization and Quantum Yield of Biomimetic Molecular Switches, in: 2013 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & International Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-IQEC), IEEE, 2013.
[1]
D. Nettels, D. Haenni, S. Maillot, M. Gueye, A. Barth, V. Hirschfeld, C.G. Huebner, J. Léonard, B. Schuler, Excited-state annihilation reduces power dependence of single-molecule FRET experiments, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17 (2015) 32304–32315. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5cp05321h.
[1]
M.A. Naumova, A. Kalinko, J.W.L. Wong, M. Abdellah, H. Geng, E. Domenichini, J. Meng, S.A. Gutierrez, P.-A. Mante, W. Lin, P. Zalden, A. Galler, F. Lima, K. Kubicek, M. Biednov, A. Britz, S. Checchia, V. Kabanova, M. Wulff, J. Zimara, D. Schwarzer, S. Demeshko, V. Murzin, D. Gosztola, M. Jarenmark, J. Zhang, M. Bauer, M.L.L. Daku, W. Gawelda, D. Khakhulin, C. Bressler, F. Meyer, K. Zheng, S.E. Canton, Revealing Hot and Long-Lived Metastable Spin States in the Photoinduced Switching of Solvated Metallogrid Complexes with Femtosecond Optical and X-ray Spectroscopies, Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 11 (2020) 2133–2141. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03883.
[1]
W. Naim, V. Novelli, I. Nikolinakos, N. Barbero, I. Dzeba, F. Grifoni, Y. Ren, T. Alnasser, A. Velardo, R. Borrelli, S. Haacke, S.M. Zakeeruddin, M. Graetzel, C. Barolo, F. Sauvage, Transparent and Colorless Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Exceeding 75% Average Visible Transmittance, JACS AU 1 (2021) 409–426. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacsau.1c00045.
[1]
F. Melaccio, M. del C. Marin, A. Valentini, F. Montisci, S. Rinaldi, M. Cherubini, X. Yang, Y. Kato, M. Stenrup, Y. Orozco-Gonzalez, N. Ferre, H.L. Luk, H. Kandori, M. Olivucci, Toward Automatic Rhodopsin Modeling as a Tool for High-Throughput Computational Photobiology, Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation 12 (2016) 6020–6034. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jctc.6b00367.
[1]
F. Melaccio, N. Calimet, I. Schapiro, A. Valentini, M. Cecchini, M. Olivucci, Space and Time Evolution of the Electrostatic Potential During the Activation of a Visual Pigment, Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 7 (2016) 2563–2567. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00977.
[1]
E. Marsili, M.H. Farag, X. Yang, L. De Vico, M. Olivucci, Two-State, Three-Mode Parametrization of the Force Field of a Retinal Chromophore Model, Journal of Physical Chemistry A 123 (2019) 1710–1719. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.8b10010.
[1]
A.R. Marri, B. Marekha, T. Penfold, S. Haacke, P.C. Gros, Towards panchromatic Fe(ii) NHC sensitizers via HOMO inversion, Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers Early access (2022). https://doi.org/10.1039/D2QI01903E.
[1]
M. del C. Marín, D. Agathangelou, Y. Orozco-Gonzalez, A. Valentini, Y. Kato, R. Abe-Yoshizumi, H. Kandori, A. Choi, K.-H. Jung, S. Haacke, M. Olivucci, Fluorescence Enhancement of a Microbial Rhodopsin via Electronic Reprogramming, Journal of the American Chemical Society 141 (2019) 262–271. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.8b09311.
[1]
G. Marchand, J. Eng, I. Schapiro, A. Valentini, L.M. Frutos, E. Pieri, M. Olivucci, J. Léonard, E. Gindensperger, Directionality of Double-Bond Photoisomerization Dynamics Induced by a Single Stereogenic Center, Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 6 (2015) 599–604. https://doi.org/10.1021/jz502644h.
[1]
S. Mantelli, P. Muller, S. Harlepp, M. Maaloum, Conformational analysis and estimation of the persistence length of DNA using atomic force microscopy in solution, Soft Matter 7 (2011) 3412–3416. https://doi.org/10.1039/c0sm01160f.

Experimental Set-Ups and Developments

Bio-photonics

ENERGY CONVERSION

Ultrafast photoisomerization